PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF ENERGY-EFFICIENT TECHNOLOGIES AND ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF SMART CITIES

Mirzayeva Umidakhon Murodjon qizi

Authors

Mirzayeva Umidakhon Murodjon qizi PhD, Department of "Materials Science and Chemical Engineering", Andijan State Technical Institute, Andijan, Uzbekistan

Keywords:

smart city; energy efficiency; alternative energy sources; Smart Grid; IoT technologies; building-integrated photovoltaics; biogas; intelligent management; digital infrastructure; sustainable urbanization.

Abstract

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of the prospects for energy-efficient technologies and alternative energy sources used in the construction of modern smart cities. Six categories of solutions are examined in detail: Smart Grid infrastructure, Internet of Things (IoT) systems, intelligent lighting and HVAC technologies, building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), bioenergy from municipal waste, and geothermal heat pumps. Quantitative analysis based on data from leading smart cities (Copenhagen, Stockholm, Singapore, Vienna, Helsinki, Seoul, Amsterdam) demonstrates that the implementation of Smart Grid technology reduces urban electricity losses by 8–12 %, IoT-based building management systems decrease total energy consumption by 20–30 %, intelligent lighting cuts energy use by 55–65 %, and AI-driven HVAC systems achieve 28–35 % savings. Integrated alternative energy sources can cover up to 35–50 % of a city's energy balance, with the leading smart cities currently achieving 42–73 % renewable energy share in their total mix. The combined deployment of these technologies enables a 30–55 % reduction in CO₂ emissions.

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