THE DYNAMICS OF MASCULINE CAMARADERIE AND RIVALRY IN E. HEMINGWAY'S LITERARY WORK THE SUN ALSO RISES
Keywords:
Ernest Hemingway; The Sun Also Rises; masculinity; male rivalry; camaraderie; modernism; gender studies; post-war literatureAbstract
This article explores the complex dynamics of masculine camaraderie and rivalry in Ernest Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises. It analyzes how male bonding among the characters, particularly Jake Barnes, Robert Cohn, and Mike Campbell, reflects deeper psychological insecurities, post-war disillusionment, and shifting gender roles in the aftermath of World War I. Drawing on gender studies and psychoanalytic literary criticism, the paper examines how Hemingway constructs a fragile sense of male identity through competition, emotional suppression, and performative masculinity. The study argues that while camaraderie among the male characters offers temporary solidarity, it is frequently undermined by rivalry, jealousy, and unresolved trauma, ultimately revealing the instability of traditional masculine ideals in modernist literature.
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