IMMUNOPATHOGENETIC ASPECTS OF ISCHEMIC STROKE

Abstract

Ischemic stroke (IS) remains the most common neurological pathology [1,2] and can manifest itself in the form of malignant ischemic stroke (MIS), leading not only to severe disability of the patient, but also to life-threatening conditions [3,4]. Malignant ischemic stroke is one of the most dangerous manifestations of ischemic stroke, threatening disability of the working population and the likelihood of death without timely treatment tactics. The diagnosis of “Malignant ischemic stroke” can be made no earlier than 12–24 hours; during this time, irreversible changes in the brain may occur in the brain, accompanied by severe swelling, with the threat of subsequent herniation, therefore, the appointment of adequate and timely treatment tactics is necessary as soon as possible [5,6]. Taking into account the peculiarities of the course of the disease, there is a need to search for predictors of IIS. In order to timely predict irreversible consequences, in this literature review we consider modern approaches to diagnosing the malignant course of ischemic stroke. The analysis of literature data allows us to determine some clinical and laboratory predictors of the development of malignant ischemic stroke and methods for assessing the severity of ischemic stroke. Various possibilities for using the studied markers for practical use in the early diagnosis of MIS are considered. Based on literature data, diagnostic possibilities were analyzed with the aim of prescribing timely and adequate therapy before the onset of irreversible changes in the brain.