THEORETICAL REGULATION OF INTERSTATE RELATIONS BASED ON "SOFT LAW" AND "HARD LAW" NORMS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW VIEWS

Authors

  • Shakhrizoda Abdumajitova University of World Economy and Diplomacy

Keywords:

International law, Hard law, Soft law, norms.

Abstract

International law is a complex and evolving system that governs relations between states, international organizations, and individuals. Within this framework, two distinct types of norms emerge: soft law and hard law. Soft law refers to non-binding principles and guidelines, while hard law consists of legally binding rules and treaties. This article aims to explore the concept of soft and hard law in international law, examining their theoretical foundations and their practical implications. Soft law and hard law norms are essential components of international law, each with its own theoretical underpinnings and practical implications. Soft law provides flexibility and adaptability, while hard law ensures enforceability and accountability. Understanding the interplay between these two types of norms is crucial for comprehending the dynamics of international law and its ability to address complex global challenges. As international relations continue to evolve, the balance between soft law and hard law will remain a topic of ongoing debate and exploration.

References

Prosper Weil, Toward Relative Normativity in International Law, 77 AM. J. INT'L L. 413 414-417 .7(1983)

Rulings of international tribunals are not traditionally considered under the heading of sot law, but for reasons explained below we define the term to include them.

Kal Raustiala, Form and Substance in International Agreements, 99 AM. J. INT'L. L. 581, 586 (favoring a distinction based on legality).

In completing literature rewiev, the research assistance of Maria Kendrick and Zuzanna Bobowiec is greatfully acknowledged. Besides Jean Monett funding, this paper benefitted from financial assistance from King's Undergraduate Research Fellowship scheme. Parts of this literature review draw heavily on Oana Stefan, Soft Law in Court: Competition Law, State Aid and the Court of Justice of the European Union (Kluwer Law International 2013).

Armin Von Bogdandy, Felix Arndt and Jürgen Bast, Legal Instruments in European Union Law and their Reform: A Systematic Approach on an Empirical Basis' (2004) 23 Yearbook of European Law 91, 112. In this count only the recommendations, opinions and resolutions are included. The notices, guidelines, frameworks, etc. issued by the Commission in areas such as competition law or state aid account for 1.4% extra. See ibid 119.

Linda Senden and Sacha Prechal, 'Differentiation in and Through Community Soft Law' in Bruno de Witte, Dominik Hanf and Ellen Vos (eds), The Many Faces of Differentiation in EU Law (Intersentia 2001) 181.

Leclerc, 'Les communications de la Commission et le marché intérieur. A propos de l'arrêt rendu par la Cour de justice des Communautés européennes le 20 mars 1997 dans l'affaire C-57-95, Rec. (1997), p1-1640 à I-1652' (1998) 34 Cahiers de Droit Européen 161, 163.

Commission, Communication concerning the consequences of the judgment given by the Court of Justice on 20 February 1979 in Case 120/78 (“Cassis de Dijon”)(1980)OJ C256/2.

Consolidated Version of the Treaty on European Union [2008] OJ C115/13.

Christine Chinkin, “The challenge of soft law: development and Change of international law’ (1989) 38 ICLQ, 850,852.

Baxter(n11) 557.

Rene J Dupuy, “Droit declaratoire et droit programmatoire: de la coutume sauvage a la ‘so ft law” in societe Francaise de Droit International, Collo que de Touluse, L’elaboration du Droit International Public (Pedone 1975) 132-148140.

F.Rigaux, Annuaire de l’Institut de Droit International (Ped one 1983) vol. 60-II 147, quoted in Karel C Wellens and Gustaaf M Borchardt, “Soft law in European Community Law” (1989) 14 ELR 267, 271-279.

Harmut Hillgenberg, “A fresh look Soft Law” (1999) European Journal of Intermational Law 499, 500.

Jan Klabbers, “Informal Instruments Before the European Court of Justice’ (1994) Common Market law Review 997.

Michel Virally, “La distinction entre textes internationaux de portee juridique in sessions

Pierre Pescatore, Annuaire de I’Institut de Droit International (Pedo ne 1983) vol. 60-II 146, quoted in Wellens&Borchardt (n15) 271-279.

Ibid. Knauff, Matthias (2010). Der Regelungsverbund: Recht und Soft law in Mehrebenensystem. Tubingen: Mohr Siebeck, p. 348.

See for example Silvere Lefevre, Les Actes Communa utaire Atypiques (Brylant 2006).

Kenneth Abbott and Duncan Sindal, Hard and Soft Law in International Governance' (2000) 54 International Organization 421, 422.

Published

2023-12-21

How to Cite

Shakhrizoda Abdumajitova. (2023). THEORETICAL REGULATION OF INTERSTATE RELATIONS BASED ON "SOFT LAW" AND "HARD LAW" NORMS IN INTERNATIONAL LAW VIEWS. Ethiopian International Journal of Multidisciplinary Research, 10(12), 698–703. Retrieved from https://eijmr.org/index.php/eijmr/article/view/816