THE STUDY OF AUXILIARY WORDS IN THE ARABIC LANGUAGE WITHIN ORIENTAL STUDIES

Tukhtayev Alibek Sharafitdin ugli

Authors

Tukhtayev Alibek Sharafitdin ugli Senior lecturer, department of philology, University of information technologies and management, Uzbekistan

Keywords:

Arabic language, auxiliary words, particles (harf), Oriental studies, classical Arabic grammar, morphology, syntax, Semitic linguistics, Sibawayhi, Zamakhshari.

Abstract

The classification of words into grammatical categories has remained one of the foundational problems in Oriental linguistics for centuries. This article provides a comprehensive historical overview of the study of Arabic auxiliary words (known as harf or particles) from classical Arab grammarians to modern Western and Russian Oriental scholarship. It examines the significant contributions of key figures such as Sibawayhi, Mahmud Zamakhshari, Silvestre de Sacy, Wright and Caspari, Carl Brockelmann, and N.V. Yushmanov. Special attention is given to the morphological, syntactic, and semantic functions of particles as indeclinable units that express grammatical relations and syntactic connections. The analysis demonstrates how the study of these auxiliary elements has evolved from traditional tripartite word classification to comparative, typological, and pedagogically oriented approaches, offering valuable insights for contemporary Arabic language teaching, translation, and cross-linguistic research.

References

Asqarova S. “Al-Mufassal fi san’ati-l-e’rob” asarida nahf olimlarining fikrlari // Educational Research in Universal Sciences. Vol.2. Issue 5. 2023. – P.582-587.

Brockelman C. Grundriss der vergleichenden Grammatik der semitischen Sprachen: Laut- und Formenlehre. – Berlin: Verlag Von Reuther & Reichard, 1908. – 670 p.

Carter M.G. Síbawayhi. – Oxford & New York: Oxford University Press, 2004. – 159 p.

Edzard L. Sibawayhi’s Observations on Assimilatory Processes and Re-Syllabification in the Light of Optimality Theory // Journal of Arabic and Islamic Studies. Vol.3. 2000. – P.48-65.;

Otaxonova D. Mahmud Zamaxshariyning “Al-Mufassal” asarida fe’llar tadqiqi // Oriental Journal of Philology. Vol.1. 2025. – P.513-520.

Sacy de S. Grammaire arabe a l’usage des élèves de l’École spéciale des langues orientales vivantes: Tomes 1,2. – Paris: De L’imprimere Imperiale, 1831. – 608 p.

Saussure de F. Course in General Linguistics. – London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2013. – 328 p.

Turg‘unboyev N. Zamaxshariyning “Al-Mufassal” asari va uning o‘rganilishi // Journal of Education, Ethics and Value. Vol.3. No.5. 2024. – P.129-131.

Wright W., Caspari P.C. A Grammar of the Arabic Language. – New York: Cosimo Classics, 2011. – 808 p.

Абу Бишр Амр Сибавайхи. Китаб. – Москва: Издательский дом ВКН, 2018. – 144 с.

Юшманов Н.В. Избранные труды. Работы по общей фонетике, семитологии и арабской классической морфологии. – Москва, 1998. – 270 с.