CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI AND HELICOBACTER PYLORI PRACTICAL SIGNIFICANCE, MODERN LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS

Abstract

This article analyzes the mechanisms of pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, and laboratory diagnostics of infections caused by Campylobacter jejuni and Helicobacter pylori. Campylobacter infection is mainly transmitted through food and presents with acute intestinal inflammation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and fever. In some cases, post-infectious autoimmune complications affecting the nervous system may occur. Helicobacter pylori can persist in the gastric mucosa for a long time, contributing to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and malignant changes. The article explains in simple terms the mechanisms of bacterial adhesion, tissue invasion, and inflammation induction. Diagnostic methods such as microaerophilic culture, urease and breath tests, stool antigen detection, and molecular techniques are comparatively evaluated. The growing problem of antibiotic resistance and the importance of modern molecular approaches for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment selection are also highlighted.