GEOTECHNOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVELOPMENT AND PROCESSING OF POTASH DEPOSITS

Abstract

Potash fertilizer production plays a significant role in modern economic systems; however, its extraction and processing are often associated with notable environmental challenges. This study analyzes the environmental implications of potash mining, focusing on the impacts related to underground extraction of water-soluble ores. Particular attention is given to issues such as groundwater infiltration into mine workings, land subsidence, and the accumulation and disposal of solid and liquid wastes. The research highlights that mining activities influence multiple environmental components, including air quality, surface and groundwater systems, soil conditions, and vegetation cover. Among various mitigation strategies, hydraulic backfilling of underground voids is identified as one of the most effective methods, as it reduces the risk of flooding, limits subsidence processes, and minimizes the spatial extent of waste disposal. The findings emphasize the necessity of integrated environmental management approaches to ensure sustainable development of potash resources.