THE TREATMENT OF LEXICAL BORROWING IN ARABIC SOURCES
Keywords:
mu‘arrab, loanwords, muwallad, istishhād, Arabic linguistics, borrowed words, lexicology, Arabic language, language history, morphology.Abstract
his article examines the concepts of muʿarrab, dakhil, and muwallad in Arabic linguistics, focusing on their definitions, distinctions, and areas of overlap. Based on classical sources and the views of prominent scholars such as Al-Jawaliqi, Al- Maydaniy, Ibn Durayd, Al-Suyuti, and Al-Jawhari, the study analyzes the criteria used to identify loanwords in Arabic. Special attention is given to the role of the istishhād period in determining the authenticity of lexical items. The article highlights both similarities and differences in scholars’ approaches and concludes that while muʿarrab refers to adapted foreign words integrated into Arabic structure, dakhil represents a broader category that includes all borrowed elements regardless of adaptation. The findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the historical development of Arabic vocabulary.
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