ECOTOURISM: NATURE CONSERVATION AND ECONOMIC OPPORTUNITY

Abstract

This paper examines the growing importance of ecotourism in the context of global sustainable development and environmental protection. Ecotourism is defined not only as travel to natural areas such as national parks and reserves, but also as a responsible form of tourism that promotes environmental conservation and raises ecological awareness among visitors. The study highlights how countries can simultaneously achieve economic benefits and environmental sustainability through the development of ecotourism.

Special attention is given to Uzbekistan’s significant ecotourism potential, including regions such as the Aral Sea area, the Boysun Mountains, Zaamin National Park, the Chatkal Reserve, and natural sites in the Fergana Valley. The role of small guest houses and family-based recreation facilities operating under the concept of “Recreation in Nature” is also discussed. In addition, the example of Khiva demonstrates how historical heritage, traditional lifestyles, and local crafts can complement ecological tourism.