COURSE OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE IN PATIENTS WITH PNEUMONIA
Keywords:
chronic heart failure, pneumonia, decompensation, inflammation, hemodynamics, outcomes.Abstract
Pneumonia is one of the most frequent causes of hospitalization in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and significantly affects the course of heart disease. The inflammatory response, systemic hypoxemia, and hemodynamic disturbances associated with pneumonia can exacerbate CHF symptoms, trigger decompensation, and increase both cardiovascular and all-cause mortality. This review summarizes current evidence on the impact of pneumonia on CHF progression, clinical management considerations, and prognostic factors associated with adverse outcomes.
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