EVALUATION OF LANGUAGE SKILLS AND INTEGRATED SKILLS: PRINCIPLES OF TEST CONSTRUCTION, SCORING METHODS, AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

Abstract

This article examines key principles and approaches for assessing the four core language skills—writing, reading, listening, and speaking—alongside integrated language skills. It underscores the significance of assessments that are valid, reliable, practical, and authentic, reflecting real-world language use while supporting effective learning. The study also addresses the washback effect, demonstrating how thoughtfully designed assessments can positively impact teaching practices and student motivation, especially at the C1 proficiency level. Additionally, it provides practical guidance on test design, scoring procedures, and rubric development to help teachers create fair, meaningful, and effective language assessments.