PATHOGENESIS OF RENAL TUBULAR DAMAGE AND ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY IN LEPTOSPIROSIS
Keywords:
leptospirosis, renal tubules, acute kidney injury, immunopathogenesis, zoonosis, tubulointerstitial nephritis.Abstract
This article analyzes the parasitic-zoonotic nature of leptospirosis, the entry mechanisms of Leptospira spp. into the human body, and the morphological and functional changes they induce in renal tubules. The pathogenesis of acute kidney injury (AKI), the roles of leptospiral toxins, immuno-inflammatory factors, and microcirculatory disturbances are described in detail. The clinical significance, diagnostic approaches, and modern treatment principles are also reviewed.References
Smith J. et al. Pathogenesis of leptospirosis: kidney involvement mechanisms. 2019.
Levett P. Leptospirosis: clinical aspects and epidemiology. 2020.
Costa F. et al. Global burden of leptospirosis. 2015.
Haake D. Leptospira-host interactions. 2021.
Adler B., de la Peña Moctezuma A. Leptospira pathophysiology. 2010.
Picardeau M. Biology of leptospires. 2017.
Yang C.W. Leptospirosis and kidney injury. 2018.
Sitprija V. Immune mechanisms in leptospiral infections. 2016.
Marotto P. Acute renal failure in severe leptospirosis. 2009.
Ko A. Pathogenesis of Leptospira infections. 2020.
Bharti A. et al. Leptospiral toxins and host damage. 2017.
Wang H. Cytokine storm in leptospirosis-induced nephropathy. 2021.
Toma C. Endothelial dysfunction in leptospirosis. 2018.
Daher E.F. Renal electrolyte disorders in leptospirosis. 2018.
Chawla L. Acute kidney injury progression mechanisms. 2019.
