WATER- AND FOOD-BORNE HELMINTHIASES AND THEIR PREVENTION
Keywords:
Hemodynamics, Circulatory System, Computational Modeling, Clinical Prognosis, Biofluid Dynamics, Cardiovascular Simulation, Blood Flow, Biophysical AnalysisAbstract
Helminthiases transmitted through contaminated water and food remain a significant global health challenge, particularly in regions with inadequate sanitation and limited access to safe drinking water. These infections are caused by parasitic worms from the phyla Nematoda, Platyhelminthes, and Acanthocephala. Understanding their biology, life cycles, routes of transmission, and genetic diversity is essential for developing effective prevention strategies. This article summarizes major water and food-borne helminths, their pathogenic mechanisms, and evidence-based preventive measures.
References
Anderson, R. M., & May, R. M. (1991). Infectious Diseases of Humans: Dynamics and Control. Oxford University Press.
Bethony, J., Brooker, S., Albonico, M., Geiger, S. M., Loukas, A., Diemert, D., & Hotez, P. (2006). Soil-transmitted helminth infections: Ascariasis, trichuriasis, and hookworm. The Lancet, 367(9521), 1521–1532.
De Silva, N. R., Brooker, S., Hotez, P. J., Montresor, A., Engels, D., & Savioli, L. (2003). Soil-transmitted helminth infections: Updating the global picture. Trends in Parasitology, 19(12), 547–551.
García, H. H., Nash, T. E., & Del Brutto, O. H. (2014). Clinical symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of neurocysticercosis. The Lancet Neurology, 13(12), 1202–1215.
Hotez, P. J., Brindley, P. J., Bethony, J. M., King, C. H., Pearce, E. J., & Jacobson, J. (2008). Helminth infections: The great neglected tropical diseases. Journal of Clinical Investigation, 118(4), 1311–1321.
Keiser, J., & Utzinger, J. (2009). Food-borne trematodiases. Clinical Microbiology Reviews, 22(3), 466–483.
King, C. H., Dickman, K., & Tisch, D. J. (2005). Reassessment of the cost of chronic helminthic infection: A meta-analysis of disability-related outcomes. PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, 2(11), e250.
Macpherson, C. N. L. (2013). Human behavior and the epidemiology of parasitic zoonoses. Veterinary Parasitology, 195(3–4), 162–170.
Mehlhorn, H. (2016). Encyclopedia of Parasitology (4th ed.). Springer.
World Health Organization (WHO). (2023). Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminthiases: Progress Report. WHO Press.






Azerbaijan
Türkiye
Uzbekistan
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Kyrgyzstan
Republic of Korea
Japan
India
United States of America
Kosovo