CLINICAL AND NEUROLOGICAL ASPECTS OF HEMOLYTIC DISEASE OF THE NEWBORN
Keywords:
Hemolytic disease of the newborn; neonatal hemolysis; Rh incompatibility; ABO incompatibility; early diagnosis; prognosis; fetal anemia; bilirubin; bilirubin-induced neurological dysfunction; middle cerebral artery Doppler; intrauterine transfusion.Abstract
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a perinatal pathology that develops based on immunological mechanisms, characterized by rapid destruction of erythrocytes, leading to hyperbilirubinemia and anemia. Early diagnosis of the disease is crucial for reducing neonatal complications and lowering the incidence of kernicterus and mortality. This article analyzes the pathogenesis of HDN, modern diagnostic methods, the statistical effectiveness of laboratory and instrumental assessments, prenatal diagnostic opportunities, and prognostic factors.
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