FUNGAL DISEASES IN TOMATO PLANTS AND THEIR CONTROL MEASURES
Keywords:
Tomato, Fungal Diseases, Integrated Disease Management, Biological Control, Chemical Control, Cultural Practices, Crop YieldAbstract
Fungal diseases pose a major threat to tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) cultivation, significantly reducing yield and fruit quality. This study investigated the prevalence of major fungal pathogens, including Alternaria solani, Phytophthora infestans, and Fusarium oxysporum, and evaluated the effectiveness of different management strategies. Experimental plots were treated with cultural practices, biological control agents (Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis), chemical fungicides (Mancozeb and Metalaxyl), and integrated disease management (IDM) combining all approaches. Disease incidence, severity, and plant growth parameters were measured and statistically analyzed. Results indicated that IDM was the most effective strategy, reducing disease severity by up to 70% and significantly improving plant height, fruit number, and yield compared to control and single-treatment plots. The study highlights the importance of integrated approaches for sustainable disease management, ensuring both crop productivity and environmental safety.References
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