MONITORING OF GASEOUS EMISSIONS FROM INDUSTRIAL ENTERPRISES INTO THE ATMOSPHERE: TECHNOLOGIES, STANDARDS AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY APPROACHES

Abstract

 Industrial activities are among the main contributors to air quality degradation due to continuous emissions of harmful gaseous pollutants into the atmosphere. Sustainable environmental management requires accurate and timely monitoring of industrial emissions to prevent exceedance of regulatory limits for substances such as nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), sulfur dioxide (SO₂), particulate matter (PM₁₀/PM₂.₅), carbon monoxide (CO), and volatile organic compounds (VOCs). This study provides a comprehensive analytical review of modern industrial air emission monitoring systems, including continuous emission monitoring systems (CEMS), remote sensing technologies, and IoT-based real-time data networks. International regulatory frameworks and technological advancements were examined and compared with current Uzbek national requirements to highlight the necessity of modernization. Special emphasis is placed on the role of artificial intelligence and digitalization for automated data processing, accuracy improvement, and emission-limit compliance control. The findings indicate that the implementation of advanced monitoring solutions strengthens environmental safety, supports industrial decision-making processes, and contributes to reducing the negative impacts of air pollutants on human health and ecosystems. Strategies for enhancing the effectiveness of monitoring at manufacturing enterprises in Uzbekistan are proposed as part of national environmental development goals. The results are expected to guide policymakers and industrial operators in adopting more efficient emission control solutions aligned with global standards.