GREEN ECONOMY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN TRANSITION COUNTRIES

Abstract

In the 21st century, the green economy has become a fundamental paradigm for achieving sustainable development at both national and global levels. The concept, promoted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and reinforced in international frameworks such as the Rio+20 Conference, emphasizes economic growth that is resource-efficient, socially inclusive, and environmentally responsible. Unlike the traditional model of development, which often prioritizes short-term economic expansion at the expense of ecological balance, the green economy seeks to align industrial progress with environmental sustainability and social equity.