THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE CONCEPTS OF TERM AND TERMINOLOGY

Abstract

 This article explores the theoretical foundations of the concepts of “term” and “terminology.” A term is a precise word or phrase used in a specific field, distinct from everyday language due to its clarity and unambiguity. For example, the word “core” may refer to different concepts in physics and biology, which is why terms in science must be clearly defined within their context. Terminology is a system of such terms and is also regarded as a lexical system and a branch of linguistics. The key features of terminology are accuracy, stability, and neutrality. In scientific and technological fields, terminology plays a crucial role in ensuring precise communication. The study presents the classification of terms, methods of term formation, and the importance of standardization for effective scientific discourse. The work is primarily based on the theories of Cabré, Sager, Wüster, and ISO standards, showing that terminology serves as both a conceptual and communicative tool in science. These three scholars approached terminology differently and developed their own methodologies: Eugen Wüster – founder of the classical approach, viewed terminology as a tool for standardization and technical communication. Ingrid Cabré – advocate of the communicative approach, emphasized the role of context and pragmatics. Juan C. Sager – representative of the cognitive and practical approach, focused on how people conceptualize through terms, especially in translation and informatics.