DENTAL CARIES: ETIOLOGY, PREVENTION, AND TREATMENT METHODS

Abstract

This article focuses on investigating the etiological factors of dental caries, prevention strategies, and treatment modalities, with particular emphasis on morphological changes in the oral cavity. Caries is a pathological condition characterized by the demineralization and destruction of tooth enamel. The article examines dental caries as one of the most prevalent oral diseases that poses significant threats to human health. The historical development of caries research dates back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with significant contributions made by the American scientist Greene Vardiman Black, who established an independent scientific approach to stomatology. According to Black's classification system, caries is categorized into six distinct classes. This article analyzes the morphological and functional alterations of caries in its various manifestations and their impact on human health. Through stomatological examinations, the research investigates cellular damage to hard dental tissues, crown portions, and cusps, along with similar pathological processes. The findings of this study contribute to a deeper understanding of caries and will be instrumental in developing effective treatment protocols. The analyses presented in this article will be crucial for identifying convenient and accessible stomatological treatment methods for oral cavity diseases and improving diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for caries management.