CERVICAL CANCER IN WOMEN

Abstract

Cervical cancer remains a major public health concern worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. It is predominantly caused by persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus (HPV). Despite being one of the most preventable and treatable cancers, cervical cancer continues to contribute significantly to cancer-related morbidity and mortality among women. This article provides an in-depth overview of the etiology, risk factors, screening modalities, clinical presentation, staging, and current management strategies of cervical cancer. Special attention is given to HPV vaccination, the role of public health systems, and future directions in treatment and prevention.