APPLICATION OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS
Keywords:
HIV, Diabetes Mellitus, Antiretroviral Therapy, Comorbidity, Metabolic Disorders, Epidemiology.Abstract
The coexistence of HIV infection and diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming increasingly common due to the prolonged lifespan of HIV-infected individuals as a result of improved antiretroviral therapies (ART). This coexistence presents complex clinical challenges because both conditions individually contribute significantly to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Managing these comorbidities effectively is crucial, as diabetes complicates HIV treatment by increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases, renal failure, neuropathy, and opportunistic infections. Additionally, certain antiretroviral drugs exacerbate insulin resistance, glucose intolerance, and dyslipidemia, thereby elevating the risk of developing diabetes or worsening existing diabetic conditions. Addressing these intersecting conditions requires integrated clinical strategies to optimize treatment outcomes, enhance patient quality of life, and reduce healthcare system burdens.
References
Brown, T.T., et al. (2017). Diabetes Care, 40(1):111–119.
Dimala, C.A., Atashili, J., Mbuagbaw, J.C. and Wilfred, A. (2016). HIV/AIDS - Research and Palliative Care, 8:131–138.
Friis-Møller, N., et al. (2018). Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, 6(2):109–119.
Glesby, M.J. et al. (2019). Clinical Infectious Diseases, 69(6):1069–1076.
Hill, A. et al. (2020). The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 20(4):428–437.
Maggi, P., et al. (2020). Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, 18(8):819–828.
Noubissi, E.C. et al. (2020). Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 159:107989.
Paengsai, N. et al. (2021). AIDS Reviews, 23(2):107–115.
Azerbaijan
Türkiye
Uzbekistan
Kazakhstan
Turkmenistan
Kyrgyzstan
Republic of Korea
Japan
India
United States of America
Kosovo