A CLINICAL CASE OF SUBACUTE SCLEROSING PANENCEPHALITIS

Abstract

A clinical case of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis in a 3-year-old child is presented. The diagnosis was confirmed by clinical symptoms, results of magnetic resonance imaging of the brain, electroencephalography, blood and cerebrospinal fluid studies. MRI of the brain shows signs of diffuse damage to the white matter of the cerebral hemispheres, basal nuclei, varolian bridge, middle legs of the cerebellum with cytotoxic edema. It should be noted that computed tomography did not reveal any changes during the year from the beginning of clinical manifestations. Electroencephalography revealed periodic pathological activity in the form of high-amplitude tetta waves, rarely delta waves, mainly on the left. The titers of antibodies to the measles virus are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid. The detection of IgM antibodies does not play a role in diagnostic studies, since an increase in their titer is noted in less than 10% of cases. The introduction of measles vaccination reduces the incidence of sclerosing panencephalitis by 90%.