STUDY OF THE PROPERTIES OF TAKYR-LIKE AND TAKYR-MEADOW SOILS AND WAYS TO IMPROVE THEIR FERTILITY

Abstract

Takyr-like and takyr-meadow soils are widely distributed in the arid and semi-arid regions of Central Asia, particularly in Uzbekistan. These soils are characterized by high clay content, poor structure, salinity, low organic matter, and unfavorable water-air regimes, which limit agricultural productivity. The present study aimed to investigate the physical and chemical properties of takyr-like and takyr-meadow soils and to identify effective approaches for improving their fertility. Soil samples were collected from representative sites and analyzed for humus content, pH, electrical conductivity, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium, and bulk density. The results showed significant differences between the two soil types. Takyr-meadow soils contained higher organic matter and nutrient levels than takyr-like soils. However, both soils exhibited low fertility due to salinity and poor physical properties. The application of organic fertilizers, gypsum, crop rotation, and proper irrigation management significantly improved soil quality indicators. The findings demonstrate that integrated soil management practices can enhance the fertility and sustainable use of takyr-like and takyr-meadow soils in arid agricultural ecosystems.