IMPROVING ECONOMIC MECHANISMS FOR ENSURING FOOD SECURITY UNDER CLIMATE CHANGE

Abstract

This article examines the improvement of economic mechanisms for ensuring food security under climate change, drawing on the most current 2025 statistical data. Agrifood systems contribute approximately 30% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions while simultaneously becoming the sector most severely impacted by the climate disruptions those emissions cause. In 2024, an estimated 673 million people faced hunger globally while 2.3 billion people experienced moderate or severe food insecurity. The study analyses key economic instruments — climate-smart agriculture investment, green finance mechanisms, parametric insurance systems, strategic food reserves, and digital precision farming — and evaluates their contribution to food security resilience. The OECD-FAO (2025) scenario analysis demonstrates that combining investment in emission-reduction technologies with a 15% agricultural productivity increase can simultaneously eliminate undernourishment by 2034 and reduce GHG emissions by 7%, confirming that climate adaptation and food security objectives are fundamentally complementary rather than competing.