COMPLICATIONS AND OUTCOMES OF VIRAL AND VIRAL-BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA DURING PREGNANCY

Abstract

Pneumonia is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide, with viral and viral-bacterial infections posing the highest risks during pregnancy. Physiological changes in the respiratory and immune systems increase susceptibility to severe infections, particularly in the third trimester. This retrospective study analyzed 50 pregnant women admitted with pneumonia between 2018 and 2024, comparing outcomes between viral and viral-bacterial pneumonia. Viral-bacterial pneumonia accounted for 56 percent of cases and was associated with higher rates of respiratory failure, ICU admission, sepsis, and maternal mortality. Delayed diagnosis and inadequate treatment were identified as primary contributors to poor outcomes. Early recognition, timely intervention, and standardized management protocols are essential to reduce maternal morbidity and mortality. The study highlights the importance of preventive strategies, close monitoring, and multidisciplinary care for pregnant women with pneumonia.