INSTRUMENTAL DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS AND CHRONIC PANCREATITIS

Abstract

The study focuses on the instrumental diagnostic criteria for chronic cholecystitis (CC) and chronic pancreatitis (CP), which are prevalent inflammatory disorders of the biliary and pancreatic systems. These conditions often lead to prolonged pain, digestive dysfunction, and serious complications if not diagnosed and managed timely. Accurate and early diagnosis is essential for effective treatment and preventing disease progression. This research analyzes modern instrumental diagnostic methods, including ultrasonography (US), endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS), computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), and functional tests. The study highlights the key imaging features of CC, such as gallbladder wall thickening, gallstones, biliary sludge, and impaired contractility, as well as CP characteristics, including pancreatic ductal irregularities, parenchymal calcifications, atrophy, fibrosis, and cystic transformations.The integration of multiple instrumental methods improves diagnostic accuracy, reduces the need for invasive procedures, and supports personalized patient management. The study emphasizes the need for standardized diagnostic algorithms and further research to enhance the sensitivity and specificity of imaging criteria, correlating them with clinical and biochemical markers.