AYAZ-KALA AS A CULTURAL HERITAGE SITE: CHALLENGES OF PRESERVATION AND INTERPRETATION

Abstract

Ayaz-Kala, along with related fortresses such as Toprak-Kala, Kyzyl-Kala, and Chilpyk, represents a significant component of Uzbekistan’s cultural and historical heritage. This study investigates the main challenges related to the preservation and interpretation of these fortresses, analyzing both natural and human-induced factors affecting their structural integrity. The findings indicate that wind and water erosion, temperature fluctuations, unregulated tourism, and local settlement expansion are the primary threats to these sites. Additionally, limited interpretive resources restrict public understanding of their historical and cultural significance. The study emphasizes the need for an integrated approach that combines structural conservation, visitor management, enhanced interpretive materials, and community involvement to ensure sustainable preservation and educational engagement.